【HTML5】3D模型--百行代码实现旋转立体魔方实例
最近研究魔方的玩法，就突然想用HMTL5写一个魔方的模型，由于魔方是一个3D的立方体，这次就试着用HTML5写了一个简单的3D模型。
下面是预览画面。
制作流程
首先你需要下载Html5开源库件lufylegend-1.4.0
魔方分为6个面，每个面由9个小矩形组成，现在我把每个小矩形当做一个类封装起来，
因为现在建立的是一个3D魔方，所以要画出每个小矩形，需要知道小矩形的4个定点，而这4个定点会根据空间的旋转角度而变换，所以为了计算出这4个定点坐标，需要知道魔方绕x轴和z轴旋转的角度。
所以，建立矩形类如下
function Rect(pointA,pointB,pointC,pointD,angleX,angleZ,color){ base(this,LSprite,[]); this.pointZ=[(pointA[0] pointB[0] pointC[0] pointD[0])/4,(pointA[1] pointB[1] pointC[1] pointD[1])/4,(pointA[2] pointB[2] pointC[2] pointD[2])/4]; this.z = this.pointZ[2]; this.pointA=pointA,this.pointB=pointB,this.pointC=pointC,this.pointD=pointD,this.angleX=angleX,this.angleZ=angleZ,this.color=color; } Rect.prototype.setAngle = function(a,b){ this.angleX = a; this.angleZ = b; this.z=this.getPoint(this.pointZ)[2]; };
pointA,pointB,pointC,pointD是小矩形的四个顶点，angleX,angleZ分别是x轴和z轴旋转的角度，color是小矩形的颜色。
魔方分为6个面，先看一下最前面的一面，如果以立方体的中心作为3D坐标系的中心，那么9个小矩形的各个定点所对应的坐标如下图所示
所以，前面这个面的9个小矩形可以由下面的代码来建立
for(var x=0;x<3;x ){ for(var y=0;y<3;y ){ z = 3; var rect = new Rect([-3*step x*2*step,-3*step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],[-step x*2*step,-3*step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],[-step x*2*step,-step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],[-3*step x*2*step,-step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],0,0,"#FF0000"); backLayer.addChild(rect); } }
其中backLayer是一个LSprite类，step是半个小矩形的长，同样的道理，可以也得到其他5个面。
6个面都建立了，在绘制这6个面之前，首先要根据旋转的角度来计算各个定点的坐标，看下面的图
根据上面的图，用下面的公式即可得到变换后的定点坐标
Rect.prototype.getPoint = function(p){ var u2,v2,w2,u=p[0],v=p[1],w=p[2]; u2 = u * Math.cos(this.angleX) - v * Math.sin(this.angleX); v2 = u * Math.sin(this.angleX) v * Math.cos(this.angleX); w2 = w; u = u2; v = v2; w = w2; u2 = u; v2 = v * Math.cos(this.angleZ) - w * Math.sin(this.angleZ); w2 = v * Math.sin(this.angleZ) w * Math.cos(this.angleZ); u = u2; v = v2; w = w2; return [u2,v2,w2]; };
最后根据小矩形的四个定点坐标，来绘制这个矩形，
Rect.prototype.draw = function(layer){ this.graphics.clear(); this.graphics.drawVertices(1,"#000000",[this.getPoint(this.pointA),this.getPoint(this.pointB),this.getPoint(this.pointC),this.getPoint(this.pointD)],true,this.color); };
其中drawVertices是lufylegend.js库件中LGraphics类的一个方法，它可以根据传入的定点坐标数组来绘制一个多边形。
最后，给出完整代码，代码很少，JS代码一共91行。
一，index.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>3D魔方</title> </head> <body> <div id="mylegend">loading……</div> <script type="text/javascript" src="../lufylegend-1.4.0.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="./Main.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="./Rect.js"></script> </body> </html>
二，Rect类
function Rect(pointA,pointB,pointC,pointD,angleX,angleZ,color){ base(this,LSprite,[]); this.pointZ=[(pointA[0] pointB[0] pointC[0] pointD[0])/4,(pointA[1] pointB[1] pointC[1] pointD[1])/4,(pointA[2] pointB[2] pointC[2] pointD[2])/4]; this.z = this.pointZ[2]; this.pointA=pointA,this.pointB=pointB,this.pointC=pointC,this.pointD=pointD,this.angleX=angleX,this.angleZ=angleZ,this.color=color; } Rect.prototype.draw = function(layer){ this.graphics.clear(); this.graphics.drawVertices(1,"#000000",[this.getPoint(this.pointA),this.getPoint(this.pointB),this.getPoint(this.pointC),this.getPoint(this.pointD)],true,this.color); }; Rect.prototype.setAngle = function(a,b){ this.angleX = a; this.angleZ = b; this.z=this.getPoint(this.pointZ)[2]; }; Rect.prototype.getPoint = function(p){ var u2,v2,w2,u=p[0],v=p[1],w=p[2]; u2 = u * Math.cos(this.angleX) - v * Math.sin(this.angleX); v2 = u * Math.sin(this.angleX) v * Math.cos(this.angleX); w2 = w; u = u2; v = v2; w = w2; u2 = u; v2 = v * Math.cos(this.angleZ) - w * Math.sin(this.angleZ); w2 = v * Math.sin(this.angleZ) w * Math.cos(this.angleZ); u = u2; v = v2; w = w2; return [u2,v2,w2]; };
三，Main.js
init(50,"mylegend",400,400,main); var a = 0,b=0,backLayer,step = 20,key = null; function main(){ backLayer = new LSprite(); addChild(backLayer); backLayer.x = 120,backLayer.y = 120; //后 for(var x=0;x<3;x ){ for(var y=0;y<3;y ){ z = 0; var rect = new Rect([-3*step x*2*step,-3*step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],[-step x*2*step,-3*step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],[-step x*2*step,-step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],[-3*step x*2*step,-step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],0,0,"#FF4500"); backLayer.addChild(rect); } } //前 for(var x=0;x<3;x ){ for(var y=0;y<3;y ){ z = 3; var rect = new Rect([-3*step x*2*step,-3*step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],[-step x*2*step,-3*step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],[-step x*2*step,-step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],[-3*step x*2*step,-step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],0,0,"#FF0000"); backLayer.addChild(rect); } } //上 for(var x=0;x<3;x ){ for(var z=0;z<3;z ){ y = 0; var rect = new Rect([-3*step x*2*step,-3*step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],[-step x*2*step,-3*step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],[-step x*2*step,-3*step y*2*step,-step z*2*step],[-3*step x*2*step,-3*step y*2*step,-step z*2*step],0,0,"#FFFFFF"); backLayer.addChild(rect); } } //下 for(var x=0;x<3;x ){ for(var z=0;z<3;z ){ y = 3; var rect = new Rect([-3*step x*2*step,-3*step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],[-step x*2*step,-3*step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],[-step x*2*step,-3*step y*2*step,-step z*2*step],[-3*step x*2*step,-3*step y*2*step,-step z*2*step],0,0,"#FFFF00"); backLayer.addChild(rect); } } //左 for(var y=0;y<3;y ){ for(var z=0;z<3;z ){ x = 0; var rect = new Rect([-3*step x*2*step,-3*step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],[-3*step x*2*step,-3*step y*2*step,-step z*2*step],[-3*step x*2*step,-step y*2*step,-step z*2*step],[-3*step x*2*step,-step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],0,0,"#008000"); backLayer.addChild(rect); } } //右 for(var y=0;y<3;y ){ for(var z=0;z<3;z ){ x = 3; var rect = new Rect([-3*step x*2*step,-3*step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],[-3*step x*2*step,-3*step y*2*step,-step z*2*step],[-3*step x*2*step,-step y*2*step,-step z*2*step],[-3*step x*2*step,-step y*2*step,-3*step z*2*step],0,0,"#0000FF"); backLayer.addChild(rect); } } backLayer.addEventListener(LEvent.ENTER_FRAME,onframe); } function onframe(){ a = 0.1 , b = 0.1; backLayer.childList = backLayer.childList.sort(function(a,b){return a.z - b.z;}); for(key in backLayer.childList){ backLayer.childList[key].setAngle(a,b); backLayer.childList[key].draw(backLayer); } }
这只是一个非常简陋的3D模型，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。
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